• The P=O bond is extremely strong, and its formation is often a driving force in reactions where it is possible. For other examples see the Mitsunobu reaction, the Vilsmeier reaction and the Wittig reaction.
  • This reaction is intramolecular, giving an entropic favourability over an intermolecular reaction.
  • In this reaction a driving force for proton loss is the gaining of aromaticity in one of the rings.
  • This reaction involves a good example of electrophilic aromatic substitution.
  • The electron donating substituent can be on either of the positions it is shown between.
  • To form quinoline, the Skraup synthesis is used.


  • References:
  • Boruch M.; Konwar D.J.; Org. Chem, 2002, Volume 67, Issue 20, 7138-7139
  • Quiranre J.; Escolano C.; Merino A.; Bonjoch J.; J. Org. Chem., 1998, Volume 63, Issue 4, 968-976